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මුරල්ලා
Quay’s garfish, scientifically referred to as Hyporhamphus quoyi, is a fascinating member of the family Hemiramphidae. Known for its slender, elongated body and distinctive beak-like jaws, this fish is commonly found in coastal waters, estuaries, and lagoons across the Indo-Pacific region.
No 560 Pambala South, Kakkapalliya, Sri Lanka
Quay’s garfish has a streamlined, elongated body, perfectly adapted for swift movement through water. Its most distinguishing feature is its long lower jaw, which protrudes significantly, resembling a needle or beak. The upper jaw is much shorter, giving the fish a unique appearance. The body is usually silvery in color, with shades of green or blue on the back that help it blend into its aquatic surroundings. Most individuals measure between 15 and 30 cm in length, although larger specimens may grow up to 40 cm.
Reproduction in Hyporhamphus quoyi involves external fertilization, with females laying adhesive eggs that stick to seagrass or other submerged vegetation. The larvae, once hatched, remain in shallow waters where they find ample food and protection from predators.
As both a predator and prey species, Quay’s garfish plays a critical role in the aquatic food web. It helps control populations of plankton and small fish while serving as a food source for larger predators such as seabirds, larger fish, and marine mammals. Its presence is an indicator of healthy coastal ecosystems.
This species inhabits shallow coastal waters, lagoons, and estuaries, often venturing into brackish environments. It thrives in regions with seagrass beds, mangroves, and sandy substrates, which provide abundant food and shelter. Hyporhamphus quoyi is widely distributed across the Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and East Africa to Australia and Southeast Asia.
Reproduction in Hyporhamphus quoyi involves external fertilization, with females laying adhesive eggs that stick to seagrass or other submerged vegetation. The larvae, once hatched, remain in shallow waters where they find ample food and protection from predators.
Hyporhamphus quoyi is not currently listed as a threatened species. However, its habitats face pressures from:
Conservation efforts aimed at preserving coastal and estuarine environments indirectly benefit Quay’s garfish. Protecting mangroves, reducing pollution, and implementing sustainable fishing practices are key measures to ensure its survival.
While not a primary target for commercial fisheries, Quay’s garfish is occasionally caught by artisanal fishers using nets or lines. It is consumed fresh or used as bait in some regions. Its striking appearance and behavior also make it a subject of interest for recreational fishers and marine enthusiasts.
